Выполнить задание по следующему тексту (перевод не нужен).
The body provides a home for a great number of the smallest organisms – microorganisms. Most of them are harmless but some take part in dental diseases. There are three different groups of microorganisms: fungi, bacteria and viruses. They may be of different kinds, both harmless and more or less dangerous.
Bacteria are subdivided into groups according to their shape bacilli, cocci, spirochetes, spores.
Bacilli are rod – shaped bacteria. For example, lactobacillus is found in decayed teeth.
Cocci are round bacteria.
Streptococci are berry – shaped bacteria which grow in twisted chains. They are associated with different
diseases. Hemolytic streptococci (called hemolytic because bacteria cause hemolysis) are responsible for such conditions as “strep” throat, tonsillitis.
Streptococci viridians (viridians means “green” and these bacteria produce a green color on the growth medium) are less virulent (poisonous) than the hemolytic form and cause infections in teeth.
Staphylococci are bacteria which grow in small clusters like grapes. One strain of staphylococcus may be found in gumboils.
There are also spiral bacteria (spirochetes) found in acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis.
Some bacteria can exist in the form of spores. Spores can survive extremes of temperature and live for years until conditions become more favorable again. They are highly resistant to destruction.
EXERCISE 5. Закончите следующие предложения:
Streptococci are less virulent than …
Viruses are sometimes more dangerous than …
One strain of staphylococcus is easier found in gumboils than …
Spores are more resistant to destruction than …
Bacteria are often more dangerous than …
Inflammation may be more protective than …
Infection may be often the initial cause of the disease than …
Explanation: The text mentions that streptococci viridians, which are less virulent (poisonous) than the hemolytic form of streptococci.
Viruses are sometimes more dangerous than bacteria.
Explanation: The text mentions that some viruses can be more or less dangerous than microorganisms such as bacteria.
One strain of staphylococcus is easier found in gumboils than other strains.
Explanation: The text states that one strain of staphylococcus may be found in gumboils, suggesting that it is more commonly associated with this condition than other strains.
Spores are more resistant to destruction than other forms of microorganisms.
Explanation: The text mentions that spores can survive extremes of temperature and live for years until conditions become more favorable again, indicating their high resistance to destruction compared to other forms of microorganisms.
Bacteria are often more dangerous than harmless microorganisms.
Explanation: The text mentions that bacteria can be more or less dangerous, suggesting that some bacteria can pose a greater risk than harmless microorganisms.
Inflammation may be more protective than harmful.
Explanation: Although not explicitly mentioned in the text, inflammation is often a natural response of the body to fight against harmful microorganisms or other irritants, indicating its potential protective role.
Infection may often be the initial cause of the disease than other factors.
Explanation: While the text does not specifically mention other factors, it implies that infection can be the initial cause of a disease, indicating that it may be more common than other possible causes.