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1. When I (arrive) at the party, everybody (dance) .
A. arrived / was dancing B. arrived / danced
2. While they (start) work, they (hear) a thunderstorm.
A. were starting / heard B. were starting / had heard
3. After the referee (whistle) the players (begin) playing.
A. had whistled / began B. had whistled / was beginning
4. He (stand) in a queue when the robbers (rush) in.
A. was standing / was rushing B. was standing / rushed
5. Before he (polish) his shoes he (clean) them thoroughly.
A. polished / had cleaned B. was polishing / had cleaned
6. While the teacher (dictate) the questions, the principal (open) the class door.
A. was dictating / opened B. was dictating / had opened
7. After the orchestra (finish) the concert, they (get) a standing ovation.
A. had finished / were getting B. had finished / got
8. (she, look) at you when I (phone) ?
A. was she looking / phoned B. did she look / phoned
Explanation: The first action (arriving at the party) happened before the second action (everybody dancing). Therefore, we use the past simple form "arrived" for the first action and the past continuous form "was dancing" for the ongoing action.
2. While they were starting work, they heard a thunderstorm.
Explanation: The action of starting work was ongoing when they heard the thunderstorm. Therefore, we use the past continuous form "were starting" for the ongoing action and the past simple form "heard" for the second action.
3. After the referee had whistled, the players began playing.
Explanation: The action of the referee whistling happened before the players began playing. Therefore, we use the past perfect form "had whistled" for the first action and the past simple form "began" for the second action.
4. He was standing in a queue when the robbers rushed in.
Explanation: The action of standing in a queue was ongoing when the robbers rushed in. Therefore, we use the past continuous form "was standing" for the ongoing action and the past simple form "rushed" for the second action.
5. Before he polished his shoes, he had cleaned them thoroughly.
Explanation: The action of cleaning the shoes happened before the action of polishing them. Therefore, we use the past perfect form "had cleaned" for the first action and the past simple form "polished" for the second action.
6. While the teacher was dictating the questions, the principal opened the class door.
Explanation: The action of dictating the questions was ongoing when the principal opened the class door. Therefore, we use the past continuous form "was dictating" for the ongoing action and the past simple form "opened" for the second action.
7. After the orchestra had finished the concert, they got a standing ovation.
Explanation: The action of finishing the concert happened before the action of getting a standing ovation. Therefore, we use the past perfect form "had finished" for the first action and the past simple form "got" for the second action.
8. Was she looking at you when I phoned?
Explanation: This is a question in the past continuous tense. We use the past continuous form "was she looking" to indicate an ongoing action at the time of the phone call and the past simple form "phoned" for the action of making the phone call.