In this area of the world a very high number of people live to be 100. Scientists want to know why. Ecuador. Vilcabamba, a small village in the Andes, is often called 'the Valley of A Long Life', What's its secret? Firstly, Vilcabamba is not very hot or very cold - the temperature is usually between 18 and 27 degrees, and the air is very clean. Secondly, people work hard in the fields, and do a lot of exercise. Thirdly, their diet is very healthy - they eat a lot of fruit and vegetables, and they hardly ever eat meat or fish, The water they drink, from the river in Vilcabamba, is very rich in minerals. They also have a good social life. In Vilcabamba people say, The left leg and the right leg help you to be healthy, because they take you to your friends homes.