12.
1)Mg²⁺SO₄²⁻+ 2Na⁺OH⁻→Mg²⁺(OH)₂⁻↓+ Na⁺₂ SO₄²⁻
Mg²⁺+SO₄²⁻+ 2Na⁺+2OH⁻ → Mg²⁺(OH)₂⁻↓+ 2Na⁺+ SO₄²⁻
Mg²⁺+ 2OH⁻ → Mg²⁺(OH)⁻₂↓
2)Al³⁺Cl⁻₃+H⁺₃PO₄³⁻→Al³⁺PO4³⁻↓+3H⁺Cl⁻
Al³⁺+3Cl⁻+3H⁺+PO₄³⁻→Al³⁺PO4³⁻↓+3H⁺+3Cl⁻
Al³⁺ + PO₄³⁻→ Al³⁺PO4³⁻↓
13.
1)Hg²⁺SO₄²⁻+ 2H⁺I⁻→ Hg²⁺I⁻₂↓+H₂⁺SO₄²⁻
Hg²⁺+SO₄²⁻+ 2H⁺+2I⁻→ Hg²⁺I⁻₂↓+2H+⁺SO₄²⁻
Hg²⁺+ 2I⁻ → Hg²⁺I⁻₂↓
2)Co²⁺Br⁻₂+ H⁺₂SO₃²⁻ → Co²⁺SO₃²⁻ ↓+2H⁺Br⁻
Co²⁺+2Br⁻+2H⁺+SO₃²⁻ → Co²⁺SO₃²⁻↓+2H⁺+2Br⁻
Co²⁺+SO₃²⁻→Co²⁺SO₃²⁻↓
Объяснение:
12.
1)Mg²⁺SO₄²⁻+ 2Na⁺OH⁻→Mg²⁺(OH)₂⁻↓+ Na⁺₂ SO₄²⁻
Mg²⁺+SO₄²⁻+ 2Na⁺+2OH⁻ → Mg²⁺(OH)₂⁻↓+ 2Na⁺+ SO₄²⁻
Mg²⁺+ 2OH⁻ → Mg²⁺(OH)⁻₂↓
2)Al³⁺Cl⁻₃+H⁺₃PO₄³⁻→Al³⁺PO4³⁻↓+3H⁺Cl⁻
Al³⁺+3Cl⁻+3H⁺+PO₄³⁻→Al³⁺PO4³⁻↓+3H⁺+3Cl⁻
Al³⁺ + PO₄³⁻→ Al³⁺PO4³⁻↓
13.
1)Hg²⁺SO₄²⁻+ 2H⁺I⁻→ Hg²⁺I⁻₂↓+H₂⁺SO₄²⁻
Hg²⁺+SO₄²⁻+ 2H⁺+2I⁻→ Hg²⁺I⁻₂↓+2H+⁺SO₄²⁻
Hg²⁺+ 2I⁻ → Hg²⁺I⁻₂↓
2)Co²⁺Br⁻₂+ H⁺₂SO₃²⁻ → Co²⁺SO₃²⁻ ↓+2H⁺Br⁻
Co²⁺+2Br⁻+2H⁺+SO₃²⁻ → Co²⁺SO₃²⁻↓+2H⁺+2Br⁻
Co²⁺+SO₃²⁻→Co²⁺SO₃²⁻↓
Объяснение: