b) 2KOH + ZnCl₂ = Zn(OH)₂↓ + 2KCl
2K⁺ + 2OH⁻ + Zn²⁺ + 2Cl = Zn(OH)₂↓ + 2K⁺ + 2Cl⁻
2OH⁻ + Zn²⁺ = Zn(OH)₂↓
c) NaOH + HCl = NaCl + H₂O
Na⁺ + OH⁻ + H⁺ + Cl⁻ = Na⁺ + Cl⁻ + H₂O
OH⁻ + H⁺ = H₂O
d) Ca(NO₃)₂ + K₂CO₃ = CaCO₃↓ + 2KNO₃
Ca²⁺ + 2NO₃⁻ + 2K⁺ + CO₃²⁻ = CaCO₃↓ + 2K⁺ + 2NO₃
Ca²⁺ + CO₃²⁻ = CaCO₃↓
b) 2KOH + ZnCl₂ = Zn(OH)₂↓ + 2KCl
2K⁺ + 2OH⁻ + Zn²⁺ + 2Cl = Zn(OH)₂↓ + 2K⁺ + 2Cl⁻
2OH⁻ + Zn²⁺ = Zn(OH)₂↓
c) NaOH + HCl = NaCl + H₂O
Na⁺ + OH⁻ + H⁺ + Cl⁻ = Na⁺ + Cl⁻ + H₂O
OH⁻ + H⁺ = H₂O
d) Ca(NO₃)₂ + K₂CO₃ = CaCO₃↓ + 2KNO₃
Ca²⁺ + 2NO₃⁻ + 2K⁺ + CO₃²⁻ = CaCO₃↓ + 2K⁺ + 2NO₃
Ca²⁺ + CO₃²⁻ = CaCO₃↓