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Famous Scientist and Inventor
Alfred Bernard Nobel (1833-1896), the Swedish chemist and inventor, was born in Stockholm. After receiving his education in Russia, France and the US, he returned to St Petersburg where he worked for his father’s company, developing mines, torpedoes, and other explosives during the Crimean War of 1853- 1856. After the war his father went bankrupt, and in 1859 the family returned to Sweden.
Alfred Nobel invented dynamite in 1867 and smokeless gunpowder in 1887. He built a network of factories to manufacture dynamite, and corporations to produce and market his explosives. Nobel registered over 350 patents, many unrelated to explosives (e.g., artificial silk and leather).
Both his worldwide interests in explosives and his large holdings in the Baku oil fields of Russia brought him an immense fortune.
Though he was essentially a pacifist and hoped that the destructive power of his inventions would help bring an end to wars, he was labelled “a merchant of death” for inventing an explosive used in war.
Alfred Nobel got his education in .
a)one country b)two countries c)three countries
2. Immediately after graduation Nobel worked.
a) in America b) in Russin c) in Sweden
3. The Nobels moved to Sweden in1859 because.
a) the Crimean War had begun
b) the family had lost their business in Russia
c) mines, torpedoes and other explosives were not sold then
4. Nobel’s inventions were not connected with explosives.
a) Lots of
b) Few of
c) All
5. Alfred Nobel was .
a) an extremely rich person
b) a rather poor person
c) just a well-to-do person
6. Alfred Nobel did not like.
a) his own inventions
b) violence
c) the label he got

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