Test 3

I. Rephrase the sentences using relative clauses.
1. Jack committed a crime. Now he has got imprisoned.
Jack has got imprisoned now.
2. I fell in love in Paris. I’d like to go there again.
I’d fell in love.
3. Jane is employed in an advertising company. It produces creative TV ads.
Jane TV ads.
4. I remember that unforgettable day! Mike made a proposal to me.
I proposal to me.
5. It is important to have friends. You can rely on them.
It is rely on.

II. Put the words given in the brackets in the right form.
1. If I... (be) you, I’d watch your favorite TV-shows in English.
2. If you... (study) hard, you are most likely to succeed in any subject.
3. If the weather... (be) warmer yesterday, I’d have gone skiing.
4. If you... (devote) more time to studying during the term, you wouldn’t fail the exam today.
5. If I were a millionaire, I... (give away) all my money to charity a long time ago.
6. If I hadn’t been asleep, I... (answer) the phone when you were calling.
7. If you make more effort in learning English, you... (get) more opportunities for
employment abroad.
8. If the Soviet project to land on the Moon hadn’t been cancelled, Alexey Leonov... (be) the
first to walk on the Moon.
9. If Konstantin Tsiolkovsky hadn’t solved the problem of escaping velocity and leaving the
Earth, the Soviet Union... (be able) to win the space race.
10. If mankind hadn’t wasted natural resources, we... (not have to) look for alternative
sources of energy.

III. Form nouns from the words given below.
1. There is a significant... (short) of natural resources nowadays.
2. It is such ... (boring) to stay home during the pandemic.
3. They have had some problems with my bank transfer, so my monthly... (pay) is due next
week.
4. Each day, 25,000 people die of... (hungry) and related causes.
5. They have lived in... (poor) for a long time, yet they still do not receive any financial help.
6. You have to obtain a ... (citizen) to be able to vote in any country.
7. These kinds of important... (decide) are only carried out by the government.
8. Sandy and Mike immediately felt mutual... (attract), which later resulted in them falling in
love.
9. My cousin is an... (count). That is why she is good at calculating her own taxes.
10. After reading the text, you should write a... (sum).

IV. Find and match antonyms.
1. reduce A. admire
2. criticize B. overcome
3. poverty C. safety
4. give up D. increase
5. hazard E. wealth

V. Find and match synonyms.
1. To know A. To owe
2. To be eager B. To persuade
3. To convince C. To dispose of
4. To be in debt D. To be willing
5. To get rid of E. To be aware of

VI. Fill in the missing word. The first letter is given.
1. Pollution is bad for the e because it harms plants and animals.
2. Modern youth should have great computer l since they spend a lot of time
using electronic devices.
3. How can the government track and punish people in case of a child a?
4. Police can check if a person c a crime before they enter a new country.
5. The text d with the problem of race discrimination.
6. The government needs to s the existing environmental problems beside trying
to p future disasters.
7. One of the most important social problems is human o because it creates
unplanned urbanization and more pollution.
8. Every citizen should be a of their legal rights.
9. The number of the poor and homeless should be r.

I. Rephrase the sentences using relative clauses:

1. Jack, who committed a crime, is now imprisoned.
Explanation: The relative clause "who committed a crime" provides additional information about Jack.

2. I fell in love in Paris, where I'd like to go again.
Explanation: The relative clause "where I'd like to go again" describes Paris by stating the place where the speaker fell in love.

3. Jane, who is employed in an advertising company, works on TV ads.
Explanation: The relative clause "who is employed in an advertising company" explains Jane's job and the type of ads she works on.

4. I remember that unforgettable day when Mike made a proposal to me.
Explanation: The relative clause "when Mike made a proposal to me" provides information about the specific day that the speaker remembers.

5. It is important to have friends on whom you can rely.
Explanation: The relative clause "on whom you can rely" clarifies the type of friends the speaker is referring to.

II. Put the words given in the brackets in the right form:

1. If I were (be) you, I'd watch your favorite TV-shows in English.
Explanation: The conditional sentence expresses a hypothetical situation using the second conditional. The verb "be" is in the past simple form "were" as it refers to an unreal situation.

2. If you study (study) hard, you are most likely to succeed in any subject.
Explanation: This sentence uses the first conditional structure to express a possible outcome if the condition is fulfilled. The verb "study" is in the present simple form as it refers to a habitual action.

3. If the weather were (be) warmer yesterday, I'd have gone skiing.
Explanation: The sentence uses the third conditional structure to talk about an unreal situation in the past. The verb "be" is in the past simple form "were" as it refers to an unreal situation.

4. If you had devoted (devote) more time to studying during the term, you wouldn't fail the exam today.
Explanation: The sentence uses the third conditional structure to talk about an unreal situation in the past. The verb "devote" is in the past participle form "had devoted" to express an action that should have happened but did not.

5. If I were (give away) all my money to charity a long time ago.
Explanation: The verb "give away" is in the past simple form "were" as it refers to an unreal situation.

6. If I hadn't been (answer) the phone when you were calling.
Explanation: The verb "answer" is in the past participle form "hadn't been" to express an action that should have happened but did not.

7. If you make more effort in learning English, you will get (get) more opportunities for employment abroad.
Explanation: The sentence uses the zero conditional structure to talk about a general truth or fact. The verb "get" is in the base form as it refers to a possible outcome.

8. If the Soviet project to land on the Moon hadn’t been cancelled, Alexey Leonov would have been (be) the first to walk on the Moon.
Explanation: The verb "be" is in the past participle form "hadn't been" to express an action that should have happened but did not.

9. If Konstantin Tsiolkovsky hadn't solved the problem of escaping velocity and leaving the Earth, the Soviet Union would have been able to win (be able) the space race.
Explanation: The verb "be able" is in the infinitive form "to win" to express the outcome of the unreal situation.

10. If mankind hadn't wasted (not have to) look for alternative sources of energy.
Explanation: The verb "have wasted" is in the past participle form "hadn't wasted" to express an action that should have happened but did not. The phrase "not have to" is used to show the outcome of the unreal situation.

III. Form nouns from the words given below:

1. There is a significant shortage (short) of natural resources nowadays.
Explanation: The noun "shortage" is derived from the adjective "short" to describe the lack or scarcity of natural resources.

2. It is such boringness (boring) to stay home during the pandemic.
Explanation: The noun "boringness" is derived from the adjective "boring" to describe the state or quality of being boring.

3. They have had some problems with my bank transfer, so my monthly payment (pay) is due next week.
Explanation: The noun "payment" is derived from the verb "pay" to describe the act or process of paying.

4. Each day, 25,000 people die of hunger (hungry) and related causes.
Explanation: The noun "hunger" is derived from the adjective "hungry" to describe the state or condition of lacking food.

5. They have lived in poverty (poor) for a long time, yet they still do not receive any financial help.
Explanation: The noun "poverty" is derived from the adjective "poor" to describe the state or condition of being poor.

6. You have to obtain citizenship (citizen) to be able to vote in any country.
Explanation: The noun "citizenship" is derived from the adjective "citizen" to describe the status or condition of being a citizen.

7. These kinds of important decisions (decide) are only carried out by the government.
Explanation: The noun "decisions" is derived from the verb "decide" to describe the act or process of making a decision.

8. Sandy and Mike immediately felt mutual attraction (attract), which later resulted in them falling in love.
Explanation: The noun "attraction" is derived from the verb "attract" to describe the feeling or action of being attracted to someone or something.

9. My cousin is an accountant (count). That is why she is good at calculating her own taxes.
Explanation: The noun "accountant" is derived from the verb "count" to describe a person who calculates, audits, or keeps financial records.

10. After reading the text, you should write a summary (sum).
Explanation: The noun "summary" is derived from the verb "summarize" to describe a brief or concise statement that captures the main points of a text or speech.

IV. Find and match antonyms:

1. reduce (D) - increase (A)
2. criticize (B) - admire (C)
3. poverty (E) - wealth (D)
4. give up (D) - overcome (B)
5. hazard (C) - safety (C)

V. Find and match synonyms:

1. To know (E) - To be aware of (E)
2. To be eager (D) - To be willing (D)
3. To convince (C) - To persuade (B)
4. To be in debt (A) - To owe (A)
5. To get rid of (C) - To dispose of (C)

VI. Fill in the missing word. The first letter is given:

1. Pollution is bad for the environment (E) because it harms plants and animals.
2. Modern youth should have great computer literacy (l) since they spend a lot of time using electronic devices.
3. How can the government track and punish people in case of a child abduction (a)?
4. Police can check if a person committed (c) a crime before they enter a new country.
5. The text dealt (d) with the problem of race discrimination.
6. The government needs to solve (s) the existing environmental problems beside trying to prevent (p) future disasters.
7. One of the most important social problems is human overpopulation (o) because it creates unplanned urbanization and more pollution.
8. Every citizen should be aware (a) of their legal rights.
9. The number of the poor and homeless should be reduced (r).

I hope this detailed explanation helps you understand the questions and their answers better!