Task 3. Passive Voice (5 points) 1. The book (to write) in 1986

2. He (to invite) to the party next week

3. The article (not to publish) on time

4. The car (not to clean) in 2 hours

5. Alice (to disappointed) now by the news

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Task 3. Passive Voice (5 points)

1. The book was written in 1986.
To change the sentence from active to passive voice, we need to identify the subject (the doer of the action) and the object (the receiver of the action). In this case, the subject is "someone" who wrote the book, and the object is the book itself. The past simple form of the verb "write" changes to "was written" in the passive voice.

2. He will be invited to the party next week.
Again, we need to identify the subject and the object. Here, the subject is "someone" who will invite "him" to the party. In the passive voice, the subject becomes "he" and the object "him" becomes the subject. The future simple form of the verb "invite" changes to "will be invited" in the passive voice.

3. The article was not published on time.
The subject is "someone" who did not publish the article, and the object is the article itself. The past simple form of the verb "not publish" changes to "was not published" in the passive voice.

4. The car will not be cleaned in 2 hours.
The subject is "someone" who will not clean the car, and the object is the car itself. The future simple form of the verb "not clean" changes to "will not be cleaned" in the passive voice.

5. Alice is now disappointed by the news.
In this sentence, there is no passive voice transformation needed as it is already in the active voice.

Explanation:
The passive voice is used when the focus is on the object rather than the subject. The subject becomes the receiver of the action instead of the doer. In passive voice sentences, the verb is formed using a form of "be" (e.g., is, was, will be) and the past participle form of the main verb (e.g., written, invited).

By using the passive voice, we can shift the focus of the sentence and emphasize the object or the actual action being done to it. It is especially useful when the doer is unknown, unimportant, or obvious.

Step-by-step solution:
1. The book (to write) in 1986.
To change this sentence to passive voice, we need to identify the subject and the object. Here, the subject is missing, so we can assume that the subject is "someone" who wrote the book. The object is "the book." Now, let's form the passive voice sentence.
Passive voice: The book was written in 1986.

2. He (to invite) to the party next week.
In this active voice sentence, the subject is "someone" who will invite "him" to the party. To transform it to passive voice, we make "he" the subject and "him" the object. The sentence should be in future tense.
Passive voice: He will be invited to the party next week.

3. The article (not to publish) on time.
The subject, "someone," did not publish the article. The object is "the article." By changing it to passive voice, the subject becomes "the article" and the verb changes to past tense.
Passive voice: The article was not published on time.

4. The car (not to clean) in 2 hours.
The subject, "someone," will not clean the car. The object is "the car." By changing it to passive voice, the subject becomes "the car" and the verb changes to future tense.
Passive voice: The car will not be cleaned in 2 hours.

5. Alice (to disappointed) now by the news.
This sentence is already in active voice, where Alice is the subject and "the news" is the object. There is no need to change it to passive voice.

Please let me know if you need any further clarification or assistance.