Сочинение на тему "Famous people of England"​

## William Shakespeare - an outstanding playwright, one of the most famous poet in the world - was a native of Stratford-upon-Avon. Here, in the county of Warwickshire, he was born in 1564. His date of birth is unknown. It is believed that this is April 23, but the day of baptism, April 26, is established reliably. His father was a wealthy craftsman, a respected man in the city, and his mother - a representative of the old Saxon family.

During 1569-1571 Shakespeare was an elementary school student, and later a high school in Stratford. She was distinguished by a decent level of education, but it is not known for certain whether William finished it or not — most likely, he had to leave classes and help his father due to family financial difficulties. An 18-year-old boy, William, married Anne Hathaway, who was 8 years older than him; entering into marriage, the young were saved from dishonor and punishment. In 1583, Chetsya Shakespeare had a daughter, and after another 2 years a pair of opposite-sex twins. Shakespeare left Stratford in the 2nd half of the 80s. and moved to London.

The period of Shakespeare’s biography, affecting the following years, is usually called dark or lost years, because There is no information about his life at this time. It is believed that the move to London took place approximately in 1587, but there are other versions. Whatever it was, in 1592, Shakespeare was already the author of the historical chronicle "Henry VI."

During the years 1592-1594. the theaters of the English capital were closed due to the plague epidemic. To fill the resulting pause, Shakespeare wrote plays, in particular, “The Taming of the Shrew”, the tragedy “Tit Andronicus”, the poems “Lucretia” and “Venus and Adonis”. Also, from 1594 to 1600, Shakespeare wrote a large number of sonnets. All this makes him a famous writer. When the theaters opened, in 1594 Shakespeare entered the new composition - the so-called. the company of the Lord Chamberlain's servant, named after its patron. Shakespeare was not only an actor, but also a shareholder.

During the years 1595-1596. were written by the famous tragedy "Romeo and Juliet", as well as "The Merchant of Venice" - a comedy, later called for the first time "serious". If earlier the authors of the plays for the theater were “university minds”, by this time their role was lost: someone stopped writing, someone died. Shakespeare came to replace them, marking this very new era in the development of theatrical art.

In 1599, another significant event in Shakespeare’s biography took place - the opening of the Globus Theater, in which he was an actor, chief playwright and one of the owners. A year later, the famous “Hamlet” was unveiled, opening the period of the “great tragedies”, which include “Othello”, “King Lear”, “Macbeth”. The comedies written at that time also had much more serious and sometimes pessimistic content. In the same period of life, Shakespeare became a nobleman; he acquired a large house in Stratford, the second largest in the city.

After the death of Queen Elizabeth in 1603 and the coming to power of Jacob I, the king himself became the patron saint of the Lord Chamberlain's troupe. 1606 became the reference point for the last period in Shakespeare's literary activity, marked, in particular, by the creation of tragedies based on the plots of antiquity (“Coriolan”, “Antony and Cleopatra”), as well as the romantic tragic comedies “The Tempest”, “Winter Fairy Tale” and others.

Around 1612, Shakespeare, whose career developed very successfully, unexpectedly for all left the capital and returned to Stratford, to the family. Researchers suggest that the cause of such a drastic step was a serious illness. In March 1616, Shakespeare made his famous testament, which subsequently created the basis for the so-called. Shakespeare's question, addressing the problem of authorship of his works and his very personality. On April 3, 1616, one of the greatest playwrights of the world passed away; He was buried on the outskirts of his native city in the church of St. Trinity.

During the lifetime of William Shakespeare's works were published only in a separate form, sometimes in the form of collections (sonnets). The first complete collection of works by friends was prepared and published in 1623. The so-called Shakespearean canon included 37 plays; during the life of the playwright, only 18 of them saw the light. His work marked the end of the process of creating the English language and culture, drew a line under the European Renaissance. Until our day, his plays are an integral part, the basis of the repertoire of theaters around the world. In the age of new technologies, almost all Shakespearean dramaturgy was screened.

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