Reading. Task 1.                                       A caffeine-fuelled world Over the centuries, people have created many rituals to accompany the consumption of their favourite drinks, tea and coffee. Just think of the Japanese tea ceremony, British afternoon tea or the morning coffee ritual in countless societies. Why are these drinks so popular? The answer is their secret ingredient – caffeine. The new caffeine ‘delivery systems’ are canned ‘energy’ drinks. People have known for many years that caffeinated (0) drinks make you less tired and more (1) alert. It is the only habit-forming psychoactive drug we routinely serve to our children.
Most people don’t think twice about their caffeine (2) intake. However, it raises blood pressure and thus increases the risk of heart disease. So the widespread use of caffeine is now a cause for (3) concern among scientists and public health authorities. One result of this concern is that people are not allowed to sell energy drinks in France or Denmark. And in other European countries, manufacturers have to label cans with warnings. The United States has no such rule, but many canned energy drinks sold in the USA carry warnings anyway. On the other hand, much of the research suggests that caffeine may have benefits for human health. Studies have shown it helps to relieve pain, reduces asthma symptoms and increases reaction speed. Despite this, a (4) study in Ireland recommended that children and pregnant women, among other groups, shouldn’t drink energy drinks.
 ‘Caffeine helps people try to override the human rhythm that is in all of us,’ says doctor Czeisler. ‘Nevertheless,’ he says solemnly, ‘there is a heavy, (5) heavy price to pay for all this extra wakefulness.
‘The main reason that people want caffeine is to stay awake,’ Czeisler says. ‘But the main reason that people can’t stay awake is they don’t get enough regular sleep – because they use caffeine.’
Task A Circle the word that can replace the underlined word without changing the meaning. 
Example: (0)  water           beverage         alcohol     cocktail
 
1.  bright         sharp               cheerful            lively
2.  use             food time        consumption       meal
3.  interest       trouble            fear                   matter
4.  analysis      practice           lesson               research
5. expensive    hard                difficult            weighty                          ​

iskanderkhusano    1   11.12.2020 23:44    19