Read the text and fill in the gaps with the following part of the sentence: 1. joining the literary circle of expatriate american writers brought together by gertrude stein 2. and under the guidance of his father 3. and tried to enlist in the army 4. and two of his best short stories 5. hemingway’s first major success 6. spread far beyond the borders of his country and far beyond the english language. 7. where he lived off and on for the next ten years ernest hemingway: tragic genius reporter, soldier, short-story writer, novelist, deep-sea fisherman, and big game hunter, hemingway was a man whose unique mastery of the art of writing influenced the style of an entire generation of writers. that influence it is an influence that persists today. ernest miller hemingway, one of six children, was born into the family of a small town doctor at oak park, illinois, in 1899. he was active in sports; he came to love the outdoors, becoming an excellent hunter and fisherman. his parents wanted him to become a doctor or a musician, but after graduation from high school, he began his writing career as a sports reporter for the kansas city star. when the united states entered world war i, hemingway left his job after repeated rejections because of his youth, he was finally accepted as an ambulance driver with the red cross in italy. shortly before his 19th birthday, he was badly wounded and spent several weeks in a hospital in milan. this experience would provide material for his future novel a farewell to arms. hemingway returned to chicago in 1919 and then went to toronto, canada, where he worked for the toronto star. two years later, he was appointed to the star’s international news bureau and was assigned to paris. from 1921 to 1927, he lived in europe where he worked hard at realizing his ambition to become a writer. hemingway profited form his association with writers like her, ezra pound, and f. scott fitzgerald. with the publication of the sun also rises in 1926, his reputation as a novelist was established. the novel is considered by many critics to be his finest work. the hero of the story, jake barnes, his sexual powers destroyed by a war wound, faced, under unusually poignant circumstances, the problem which was to be the theme of much of hemingway’s later work: how man proves his manhood. written in an original style, the novel quickly influenced other writers. keeping emotions restrained, hemingway emphasized his ideas through understatement. in 1927 hemingway published a collection of stories called men without women. the following year he returned to the united states, at key west, florida. there he worked on a farewell to arms (1929). in 1932 hemingway published death in the afternoon, a moving study of bullfighting, a subject in which he had shown a constant interest both in his short stories and in the sun also rises. from his home in florida, hemingway made many trips, including several safaris to africa. drawing on the experiences of these african trips, he wrote the green hills of africa, a nonfiction book about ‘pursuit as happiness,” the snows of kilimanjaro and the short happy life of francis macomber. it is for his short stories rather than his other works that hemingway has received some of his highest praise.

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