Надо 1 : прочитайте текст. выполните по тексту marketing marketing is the performance of business activities connected with movement of goods and services from producers to consumers. the basic functions of marketing is to determine and satisfy customer’s needs, bringing a mutual benefit to customer and to the firm. customers benefit by having what they want, when and where they want it. firms benefit by making a profit. marketing operations include product planning, buying storage, pricing, promotion, selling, credit-granting, transportation and marketing research. marketing research provides produces with information on coming trends, changes in consumer wants, supply and demand and new market developments. thus marketing research helps the producer to predict what the people will want to buy. promotion means economic and political publicity, advertising, personal selling, fairs, exhibitions. personal selling means personal contacts between the seller and prospective buyer. in other words it means collecting contacts. advertising informs people about the new product, gives its characteristics, persuades people to buy it. marketing is the four p: the product, the place, the price, and the promotion. but most of all, marketing is research: finding out who the customers are and what they need. answer the questions 1. what does marketing mean? 2. what is the basic function of marketing? 3. what do marketing operations include? 4. why is marketing research needed? 5. why is it so important for the producer to predict the trends? 6. what does promotion mean? 7. what do the four ps mean? 2. прочитайте и переведите текст. составьте вопросительные предложения по тексту (не менее 5). the sales contract is the legally binding agreement reached by the seller and the buyer (the parties to the contract). it can be made orally or in writing, although it is usual for the contract to be drawn up in writing to prevent disputes. there are three ways to conclude a sales contract: 1. this is the most normal way of concluding a sales contract, because most offers are non-binding. as non-binding offers can be changed or withdrawn at any time, a sales contract does not exist until the seller confirms the order, making any changes impossible. 2. sellers tend to make firm offers when trading in goods where the prices fluctuate a lot. they set a fixed and if the buyer doesn't place an order within the period of time where, this price is valid, the offer with expires. the seller can then make another offer with new prices to keep up with the prices on the market. 3. in this case, if the buyer is not interested in the goods, he is expected to return them within a certain period of time, otherwise he will have to pay for them. after a sales contract has been concluded, the seller and buyer have to fulfil certain liabilities (that means there are certain things they have to do). the seller's liabilities are: - to deliver the goods on time and in perfect condition. - to ensure that the title to the goods is transferred to the buyer — in other words, the seller has to make sure that the buyer becomes the owner of the goods. this is normally done by passing a special document, the document of title, to the buyer. the buyer’s liabilities are: - to accept delivery of the goods (this prevents him changing his mind after the goods have been sent). - to pay for the goods within the time agreed. if one party doesn't fulfill its liabilities, the contract is broken (this is called breach of contract). in this case the other party (injured party) can claim compensation. ответьте на следующие вопросы письменно: 1. what is the sales contract? 2. can it be made orally? 3. when do the seller and the buyer have to fulfill the liabilities? 4. in what case can the injured party claim compensation?

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