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t is for purse nazyvatsya sea that mixes with great sea and obezzhati its terms can not be, "- wrote in the XVII century on the Baikal royal ambassador Nikolai Spafary. Blue crescent lake stretched from the southwest to the northeast between the mountain ranges of Eastern Siberia as much as 636 kilometers. In the central part of the width of the lake more than 80 km, and the opposite shore can be seen only in very clear weather, and the depth of the lake reaches unthinkable for lakes size - 1637 meters. It is the deepest lake in the world. Photos of Lake Baikal, of course, give some idea the unique nature of the lake, but transmit only a fraction of the charm of the Sacred Sea. We need to see the blue gave Lake Baikal, the mighty cliffs rising out of the water into the sky, feel the power of Baikal waves and winds to understand why Baikal is often called the sea rather than a lake .

Tectonic depression, which is Lake Baikal, began to fill with water 20-25 million years old, and in its modern shape lake existed for several million years. The depth of the fracture of the crust, which reaches Lake Baikal is located 8.5 kilometers away. Much of the fault for millions of years filled with sediments.

Lake Baikal contains 20% of the world's fresh water. More than 330 rivers and streams fill up the cup of Baikal. The most high-water inflow - Selenga, which accounts for half of the volume of river water flowing into the lake. It flows out of Lake Baikal is the only river - the Angara. Unique cleaning mechanism created by nature over millions of years, making Baikal water oxygenated and unusually transparent.

In winter, the Baikal is completely covered with ice, except for a small area at the source of the Angara. The freezing of the lake begins in October with the northern part of the lake. At first the ice binds shallow bays, then the entire area, gradually moving from north to south. A strong wind prevents the formation of ice from time to time breaking it. Frozen into the ice fragments form a new scenic ridges. Yet by mid-January - early February winter takes its toll and the winter turns into Baikal ice fairy tale.

Beauty Baikal nature attracts tourists from all over the world - tourism and recreation on Lake Baikal is getting more popular. On the shore of the lake a lot of places, especially attractive for tourists. Many of these places revered by the local population since ancient times. It Olkhon Island, Cape Burkhan, aka Shaman, headlands Sagan Khushun and Khoboy, Sandy Bay, Chivyrkuisky Bay, Holy Nose Peninsula, the archipelago of islands Ushkany ... There are man-made attraction - the old Circum-Baikal Railway, has existed for over a hundred years.

Thanks to the exceptional qualities of the Baikal water, the lake is full of life from the surface layers down to the bottom. Lake Baikal is home to more than 2,600 species and varieties of animals and over 1,000 species of plant organisms. About 2/3 of plant and animal species living in the open Baikal are endemic, ie found only in Lake Baikal.

The lake has 58 species of fish. The most famous - cisco, whitefish, grayling, trout, sturgeon, golomyanka, goldilocks. Amateur summer fishing on Lake Baikal - is extremely exciting activity, but requires knowledge of local conditions.

Unfortunately, the nature of the South, and particularly the south-eastern coast of Lake Baikal significantly affected by anthropogenic impact. And it must be very careful with the fact that we managed to save. Do not hesitate - if you fall harmlessly to see Lake Baikal and you with respect and love will treat the Great Lakes, Lake Baikal will respond to you in return.