Artists of the 1600s were often influenced by the rapid change in religion, politics and trade. Their art reflected the dynamic confusion, and energy of their times.

In this period, works of art became larger and more complicated. Artists showed extremes of , light and shadow.

Architecture became important again. The dark, interiors of the Gothic cathedrals gave way to the bright, gold-coloured swirls of the Baroque.

The master architect and of the time was Lorenzo Bernini of Italy who designed the huge, curved series of columns in front of St Peter’s Church.

He sculpted fantastic, swirling figures and filled Rome with active fountains.​

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