Almost everyone has watched building of a house and followed its progress with interest. First the excavation is dug for the basement, then the foundation walls bellow ground level are constructed; after this the framework is erected and clothed with various finishing materials and protected by several coats of paint. The part upon which the stability of the structure depends is the framework. It is intended for safely carrying the loads imposed. The floors, walls, roof and other parts of the building must be carefully designed and proportioned. The architect or designer must decide what the size of the walls, the floors, the beams, the girders and the parts which make up the framework must be, and how they must be placed and arranged. Sometimes it is done by the architect who draws the plans for the house, sometimes by a designer. are the main parts of a building and their functions. Foundations are to keep the walls and floors from contact with the soil, to guard them against the action of frost, to prevent them from sinking and settling which can cause cracks in walls and uneven floors. Give Russian equivalents to the following:

progress –

foundation walls –

below ground level –

parts of the building –

the loads –

must be carefully proportioned –

to prevent them from sinking –

fire-resisting material –

the weight of floors –

brick –

to tie the walls –

natural materials –

to protect from exposure to weather –

Gatkek    2   08.09.2021 00:04    2