41) A reduction in input prices __ it possible for firms to supply more output at each price in six months. A.made B. will make C. has made D. was making
42) Some economists __ the role of profit as a necessary incentive for innovation at the last meeting.
A. emphasize B. will emphasize C. have emphasize D.emphasized
43) She __ in Rome at the moment.
A. works B. worked C. is working D. has worked
44) I __ good money for this work very soon.
A. got B. will get C. get D. have got
45) I __ since lunchtime.
A. haven’t eaten B. didn’t eat C. don’t eat D. am not eating
46) How long __your present job?
A. did you do B. you are doing C. have you been doing D. you have been doing
47) 47. When I got to the shop, it __.
A. has closed B. had closed C. closed D. is closing
48) We hope that they __ happily for many years.
A. had lived B. will have lived C. shall live D. will live
49) 49. Look! He __.
A. is swimming B. swims C. swim D. will swim
50) __ a computer process large volumes of data?
A. Do B. Does C. Shall D. Is

41) A reduction in input prices will make it possible for firms to supply more output at each price in six months.
Explanation: The correct answer is B. "will make." In this sentence, we are talking about a future event (the reduction in input prices) that will have a specific result (firms being able to supply more output). When we talk about a future event with a specific result, we use the future tense, which is indicated by "will" in this case.

42) Some economists emphasized the role of profit as a necessary incentive for innovation at the last meeting.
Explanation: The correct answer is D. "emphasized." In this sentence, we are talking about a past event (the last meeting) where some economists talked about the role of profit. Since the meeting is already over, we use the past tense, which is indicated by "emphasized" in this case.

43) She is working in Rome at the moment.
Explanation: The correct answer is C. "is working." In this sentence, we are talking about the present moment, indicating that she is currently working in Rome. We use the present continuous tense (is/are + verb + -ing) to describe ongoing actions happening at the present time.

44) I will get good money for this work very soon.
Explanation: The correct answer is B. "will get." In this sentence, we are talking about a future event (getting good money) that will happen very soon. Therefore, we use the future tense, which is "will" in this case.

45) I haven't eaten since lunchtime.
Explanation: The correct answer is A. "haven't eaten." In this sentence, we are talking about a situation that started in the past (lunchtime) and is still true in the present moment. We use the present perfect tense (have/has + past participle) to describe actions or states that started in the past and continue until now.

46) How long have you been doing your present job?
Explanation: The correct answer is C. "have you been doing." In this question, we are referring to a timespan that started in the past (when the person started the job) and continues until now. We use the present perfect continuous tense (have/has been + base form + -ing) to describe ongoing actions that started in the past and continue until the present.

47) When I got to the shop, it had closed.
Explanation: The correct answer is B. "had closed." In this sentence, we are talking about a past event (the closing of the shop) that happened before another past event (when the person got to the shop). When we have two past events in a sentence, we use the past perfect tense (had + past participle) for the event that happened earlier.

48) We hope that they will live happily for many years.
Explanation: The correct answer is D. "will live." In this sentence, we are talking about a future event (them living happily for many years) that we hope will happen. Therefore, we use the future tense, which is indicated by "will" in this case.

49) Look! He is swimming.
Explanation: The correct answer is A. "is swimming." In this sentence, we are talking about an action that is happening at the present moment (he is currently swimming). We use the present continuous tense (is/are + verb + -ing) to describe ongoing actions happening at the present time.

50) Does a computer process large volumes of data?
Explanation: The correct answer is B. "Does." In this question, we are asking about a general fact or truth (whether a computer processes large volumes of data). When we ask about general facts or truths, we use the simple present tense, which is indicated by "does" in this case.