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stated).
Running Marathons in America.
Many Americans enjoy running marathons - a forty-two kilometer race. More than three hundred
marathons were held in the United States last year and that number is expected to grow.
The New York City marathon is held every year on the first Sunday of November. It is a big sporting
event with thousands of participants. One can see celebrities and famous sportsmen among the marathon
runners. A famous cyclist, whose excellent physical condition helped him complete the marathon in less
than three hours, admitted that the race was 'the hardest physical thing he had ever done'.
While the New York City marathon the biggest, the Boston Marathon is the oldest one. Boston's is
held in April. Boston is famous for the fact that Roberta Gibb became the first woman to unofficially run
that marathon in 1966. At that time, people did not believe women could run marathons. The Olympics did
not hold a women's marathon event until 1984 in Los Angeles, California.
Today's marathons welcome everyone. The popularity of the sport has spread among people who are
interested in health and fitness. Many middle-aged people like to spend a weekend visiting a new city and
running a marathon there. Some magazines call the middle-aged people of today the ‘marathon generation'.
Forty-three percent of marathon runners in the United States are 40 years old or older. There are many
organisations for marathoners. Nowadays many local running clubs offer training programmes that can
prepare runners for the big race. A marathon really starts several months before the race. You need to run
about five days every week to prepare. Most runs should be for half an hour. You should also try to run for
an hour or more each Sunday. This is a very basic way for an average runner to prepare.
What you can't prepare for is running a big marathon with thousands of other participants. A marathon
is in many ways a social event. There is a sense of community. The spectators are as much a part of the race
as the runners. Almost every age group is present. At the start of the race there is a lot of shouting as the
runners want to release some tension. They have three to five hours of hard running ahead of them.
However there are people who want to run farther. For them ultra-marathons are organised that take
running to a different level. An ultra-marathon is any race longer than a marathon. One of the oldest ultra-
marathons is held annually in California, USA. It is 160 kilometers long. Last year, 210 people finished the
race. The winner, Graham Cooper, finished in eighteen hours and seventeen minutes.
1. The well-trained athlete finds a marathon a difficult activity.
2. Marathons in the USA are held in different seasons.
3. In the 20th century doctors believed that marathons were harmful for women.
4. People who are over forty are not allowed to take part in marathons.
5. The best way to prepare for a marathon is to join a running club.
6. Training for a marathon includes special diets.
7. At the start of a marathon the runners keep silent to save energy.
8. A marathon with a large number of participants is called an ultra-marathon.

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