1. Use the perfect infinitive of the verbs in brackets with a suitable

modal verb.

- The instructions were in Italian. I translated them into Russian for

him. – You (not translate) them. He knows Italian.

- I’ve never seen a London cab. – You (see) one! You’ve been in

London a week already!

- Look at this beautiful painting! Only a very great artist (paint) such

a picture!

- Nonsense! A child of five (paint) it with his eyes shut.

- You (prepare) for the exam more thoroughly to pass it.

2. Paraphrase the following sentences or explain their meaning.

- I could feel it in my bones that something was going to happen. –

- I know it is just one of those things, but still… –

- When mom was telling me off I wanted to curl up and die. –

- Mike’s dad wasn’t born yesterday. –

1. The instructions were in Italian. I translated them into Russian for him. – You shouldn't have translated them. He knows Italian.

Explanation: The speaker is telling someone that they didn't need to translate the instructions because the person they translated them for already knows Italian. "Shouldn't have" is used to express regret about past actions.

Paraphrase: You didn't need to translate them. He already knows Italian.

2. I’ve never seen a London cab. – You have seen one! You’ve been in London a week already!

Explanation: The speaker is telling someone that they have in fact seen a London cab because they have been in London for a week. "Have seen" is the perfect infinitive form of "see" used to express an action completed before another past action.

Paraphrase: You have seen one! You have been in London for a week already!

3. Look at this beautiful painting! Only a very great artist could have painted such a picture!

Explanation: The speaker is expressing admiration for a painting and stating that only a very skilled artist could have created it. "Could have painted" is the perfect infinitive form of "paint" used to express a possibility or hypothetical action in the past.

Paraphrase: Only a very skilled artist could have created such a beautiful painting!

4. Nonsense! A child of five could have painted it with his eyes shut.

Explanation: The speaker is dismissing the idea that the painting is complex or difficult to create by saying that even a five-year-old child could have painted it with their eyes closed. "Could have painted" is the perfect infinitive form of "paint" used to express a possibility or hypothetical action in the past.

Paraphrase: It's not true! Even a five-year-old could have painted it without trying.

5. You should have prepared for the exam more thoroughly to pass it.

Explanation: The speaker is advising someone that they should have studied more in order to pass the exam. "Should have prepared" is used to express regret about past actions or to give advice for a better past action.

Paraphrase: You should have studied more for the exam in order to pass it.

Paraphrases or explanations:

- I could feel it in my bones that something was going to happen.
Meaning: I had a strong intuition or feeling that something was going to happen.

- I know it is just one of those things, but still…
Meaning: I understand that it's just a common occurrence, but I still have some feelings or thoughts about it.

- When mom was telling me off I wanted to curl up and die.
Meaning: When my mom was scolding me, I felt extremely embarrassed or ashamed.

- Mike’s dad wasn’t born yesterday.
Meaning: Mike's dad is experienced or knowledgeable and cannot be easily fooled or deceived.