1. the young businessman must find sources of money that will last until revenue begins to exceed cash outflows. he must be creative in finding start-up funding. new small businesses can start with the businessman’s own assets. on top of that, start-up financing may come from friends and relatives. the larger businesses can obtain funds from venture capital investors. 2. one of the personal assets the businessman can use to raise funds for the business is his home. the value of the home that the owner has paid for is called the owner’s equity in the home. by pledging this equity, the homeowner can obtain a second mortgage or a home equity loan. 3. a businessman can find another source of start-up financing by life insurance policy. many policies build up cash surrender value – the money that the policy holder can borrow at a low interest rate. 4. those who need more funds can obtain a variable rate installment loan. it is a personal loan with an interest rate tied to the prime rate or some other index. when the index changes, the rate changes in the same direction. 5. some good sources of start-up funds are family members and friends. many people can afford to lend at a low interest rate. the lender can share ownership of the business or can become a partner or shareholder in a corporation. 6. in some cases, new companies can obtain cash from venture capital firms. these financial intermediaries specialize in funding ventures with good promise and invest in businesses, which generate high profits within five years. initially venture capital firms invested in high-tech industries, but now other branches enjoy this kind of financial aid, especially those working in the health-care field. the venture capital firms provide seed money to start a new company, funds to help the venture grow and gain the market and money to buy out a business. 3. письменно ответьте на следующие вопросы к тексту. 1. what can larger businesses obtain start-up funds from? 2. how can a homeowner obtain a second mortgage? 3. what is cash surrender value? 4. what do venture capital firms specialize in?

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