1) Прочтите и переведите текст. Life Devoted To Science.

1. The institute of Chemical Physics of the Academy of Sciences is one of many research institutions in the Lenin Hills in Moscow. The man in charge of the institute is the Academician Nicolai Semyonov, one of the founders of chemical physics. He was watched it grow from the small laboratory he himself organized in the early 1920’s, to one of the most important research centers in the country.
2. They studied problems of pure physics and also various problems of chemistry at the laboratory. Semyonov decided to study physics and then apply his knowledge to chemistry. It was this path that led him many years later to the Great Concert Hall in Stockholm where he was handed the diploma and medal of a Nobel Prize winner.
3. In his research work Semyonov had little interest in experiments connected with the improvement of already known theses. He was always striving to reveal some obvious defects in the existing theories, to discover some new unknown scientific data. Semyonov discovered exceptionally important events within chemical reactions. To explain them he introduced the theory has to a large extent determined the development of chemical kinetics – the science of the “inner life” of chemical processed.
4. The following decades showed the importance of Semyonov’s work. Modern industry uses the chain reaction concepts to obtain chemical products. Oxidation, polymerization, oilcracking and others are all chain reaction.
5. The chain reaction theory has revealed the action of catalysts as accelerators of reactions. Deeper studies into the process of chemical transformation of substances permit scientists to control this process, so that by changing the condition – pressure, temperature and reaction speed – they can obtain the substances they need different from those provided by nature.
6. Semyonov continues to work energetically in the scientific field he chose as a young man, but no one can call him a narrow specialist. His scientific horizons are broad and he often publishes articles and makes reports on major problems of scientific progress and the importance of science to society.
7. The obtaining of energy and materials, and automation is what Semyonov considers to be the main tasks of science and engineering and upon what the well-being of people largely depends.
8. He doesn’t believe in science for science’s sake and sees its supreme mission in serving the people. “The ultimate goal of the natural science”, he wrote, “is to create the best conditions for Man’s existence”.

sazonov30021    1   09.11.2020 17:33    0