1. I can't give you a definite answer today. The decision ... yet.
a) isn't made b) isn't making c) hasn't made d) hasn't been made

2. I'm a doctor, and I go where help ... .
a) needs b) is needed c) is being needed d) has needed

3. The firm … dresses for twenty years.
a) to have been making b) has been made c) has been making

4. This tree is very old. It … in the 19th century.
a) planted b) was planted c) had been planted

5. Let's hope the weather will ... for the better.
a) change b) changing c) be changed d) have been changed

6. We began work early, but we … until late.
a) did not finish b) was not finished c) has not been finished

7. This piece of music … yet. I've just composed it.
a) was not recorded b) has not recorded c) has not been recorded

We use ―there is (are)‖ constructions talking about the existence or absence of people or things

in a definite place. These constructions have the meaning «есть, имеется, находится,

существует». The verb ―to be‖ in such constructions can be used in different tense forms: there

is/are, there was/were, there will be, there has/have been, there had been. The verb ―to be‖ in

such constructions can be used with modal verbs (can, may, must, ought to): There must be a

dictionary on the shelf. We can also use some other verbs after ―there‖ – to live, to exist, to

stand, to lie, etc.: There exist different opinions on the problem.

In ―there is (are)‖ constructions we observe the following word order:

―there is (are)‖+subject+adverbial modifier of time/place.

The corresponding Russian sentences begin with adverbial modifiers: There is a telephone in my

room. – В моей комнате есть (имеется) телефон. See the difference: The telephone is in my

room. – Телефон в моей комнате.

If the subjects are of different number the predicate agrees with the subject that stands first:

There is a table and six chairs in the room. There were some books and a dictionary on the desk.

Commentary: ―There are plenty of books on the bookshelves in her study‖ is a sentence with the

introductory ― there‖ which is used to point out the existence of some things in a definite place,

the subject of the sentence is expressed by a countable noun in plural.

―There isn‘t any soup in the plate‖ ‖ is a sentence with the introductory ― there‖ which is used to

point out the absence of something in a def

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