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johann sebastian bach (march 21, 1685 - july 28, 1750) - german composer.

иоган/ иоганн себастьян бах, фото/ johann sebastian bach, photojohann sebastian bach was a german organist, composer, and musical scholar of the baroque period, and is almost universally regarded as one of the greatest composers of all time. his works, noted for their intellectual depth, technical command, and artistic beauty, have provided inspiration to nearly every musician in the european tradition, from mozart to schoenberg.

j. s. bach was born in eisenach, germany, in 1685. his father, ambrosius bach, was the town piper in eisenach, a post that entailed organizing all the secular music in town as well as participating in church music at the direction of the church organist, and his uncles were also all professional musicians ranging from church organists and court chamber musicians to composers, although bach would later surpass them all in his art.

bach's mother died when he was still a young boy and his father suddenly passed away when j. s. bach was 9, at which time j. s. bach moved in with his older brother johann christoph bach, who was the organist of ohrdruf, germany. while in his brother's house, j. s. bach copying, studying, and playing music.

while in school and as a young man, bach's curiosity compelled him to seek out great organists of germany such as georg bцhm, dietrich buxtehude and johann adam reinken, often taking journeys of considerable length to hear them play. he was also influenced by the work of nicholas bruhns. shortly after graduation (bach completed latin school when he was 18, an impressive accomplishment in his day, especially considering that he was the first in his family to finish school), bach took a post as organist at arnstadt, germany, in 1703. he apparently felt cramped in the small town and began to seek his fortune elsewhere. owing to his virtuosity, he was soon offered a more lucrative organist post in muhlhausen.

still not content as organist of muhlhausen, in 1708, bach took a position as court organist and concert master at the ducal court in weimar, germany. here he had opportunity to not only play the organ but also compose for it and play a more varied repertoire of concert music with the dukes' ensemble.

in 1723, j. s. bach was appointed cantor and musical director of st. thomas church in leipzig, germany. this post required him to not only instruct the students of the st. thomas school in singing but also to provide weekly music at the two main churches in leipzig. rising above and beyond the call of duty, bach endeavored to compose a new church piece, or cantata, every week. on holy days such as christmas, good friday, and easter, bach produced cantatas of particular brilliance.

bach and his first wife, maria barbara, had seven children together, although several of them died while still very young. little is known about maria barbara. she died suddenly while bach was travelling with prince leopold in july, 1720. while still at cцthen, bach met and later married anna magdalena, a young soprano. despite the age difference (she was 17 years his junior), the couple seem to have enjoyed a very happy marriage. together they had 13 children, although few survived to adulthood.

later life and legacy having spent much of the 1720s composing weekly cantatas, bach assembled a sizable repertoire of church music that, with minor revisions and a few additions, allowed him to continue performing impressive sunday music programs while pursuing other interests in secular music, both vocal and instrumental. many of these later works were collaborations with leipzig's collegium musicum, but some were increasingly introspective and abstract compositional masterpieces that represent the pinnacle of bach's art.

during his life time he composed over 1,000 pieces. bach died on july 28, 1750.

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