1)19-2(3х+8)=2х-37 2)8х+3(7-2х)=4х+3 3)23-4(3х+8)=1-17х

1)
19 - 2 * (3х + 8) = 2х - 37
19 - 6х - 16 = 2х - 37
3 - 6 х = 2х - 37
3 + 37 = 2х + 6х
40 = 8х
8х = 40
х = 40 : 8
х = 5
проверка:
19 - 2 * (3 * 5 + 8) = 2 * 5 - 37
19 - 30 - 16 = 10 - 37
-27 = -27

2)
8х + 3 * (7 - 2х) = 4х + 3
8х + 21 - 6х = 4х + 3
21 - 3 = 4х + 6х - 8х
18 = 2х
2х = 18
х = 18 : 2
х = 9
проверка:
8 * 9 + 3 * (7 - 2 * 9) = 4 * 9 + 3
72 + 21 - 54 = 36 + 3
39 = 39

3)
23 - 4 * (3х + 8) = 1 - 17х
23 - 12х - 32 = 1 - 17х
-12х + 17х = 1 + 32 - 23
5х = 10
х = 10 : 5
х = 2
проверка:
23 - 4 * (3 * 2 + 8) = 1 - 17 * 2
23 - 24 - 32 = 1 - 34
-33 = -33