Kb (NH3) = 2*10^-5
==> NH3 + H(+) = NH4(+)
[ ]-square brackets = molar concentration mol/l
[NH4(+)] = 2*10^-5 * [NH3]
==> [NH3] >>> [NH4(+)]
Ka Cl-CH2-COOH ~ 1*10^-2
Cl-CH2-COOH <==> Cl-CH2-COO(-) + H(+)
[Cl-CH2-COO(-)]<<[Cl-CH2-COOH]
Cl-CH2-COO(-) + NH4(+) <==> Cl-CH2-COONH4 (Salt)
speed of this reaction = k1[RCOO(-)][NH4(+)]
Cl-CH2-COOH + NH3 = NH2-CH2-COOH + HCl <==>(NH3(+)-CH2-COOH)Cl(-)
Sn2 reaction==> speed = k2[Cl-CH2-COOH][NH3]
If k1 > 10^7 k2 ==>both reactions goes with some speed
but more realistic version that speed of reaction2 >> speed of reaction1
==> NH2-CH2-COOH will be formed faster
==>NH2-CH2-COOH
Experimentally "...прилейте раствор HCl, затем обработайте щелочью, если образовывалась соль аммония, то выделится аммиак..."
Cl-CH2-COONH4 + HCl = Cl-CH2-COOH + NH4Cl
NH4Cl + OH(-) = NH3 + H2O + Cl(-)
NH2-CH2-COOH + HCl = (NH3(+)-CH2-COOH)Cl(-)
(NH3(+)-CH2-COOH)Cl(-) + OH(-) = NH2-CH2-COOH + H2O + Cl(-)
Kb (NH3) = 2*10^-5
==> NH3 + H(+) = NH4(+)
[ ]-square brackets = molar concentration mol/l
[NH4(+)] = 2*10^-5 * [NH3]
==> [NH3] >>> [NH4(+)]
Ka Cl-CH2-COOH ~ 1*10^-2
Cl-CH2-COOH <==> Cl-CH2-COO(-) + H(+)
[Cl-CH2-COO(-)]<<[Cl-CH2-COOH]
Cl-CH2-COO(-) + NH4(+) <==> Cl-CH2-COONH4 (Salt)
speed of this reaction = k1[RCOO(-)][NH4(+)]
Cl-CH2-COOH + NH3 = NH2-CH2-COOH + HCl <==>(NH3(+)-CH2-COOH)Cl(-)
Sn2 reaction==> speed = k2[Cl-CH2-COOH][NH3]
If k1 > 10^7 k2 ==>both reactions goes with some speed
but more realistic version that speed of reaction2 >> speed of reaction1
==> NH2-CH2-COOH will be formed faster
==>NH2-CH2-COOH
Experimentally "...прилейте раствор HCl, затем обработайте щелочью, если образовывалась соль аммония, то выделится аммиак..."
Cl-CH2-COONH4 + HCl = Cl-CH2-COOH + NH4Cl
NH4Cl + OH(-) = NH3 + H2O + Cl(-)
NH2-CH2-COOH + HCl = (NH3(+)-CH2-COOH)Cl(-)
(NH3(+)-CH2-COOH)Cl(-) + OH(-) = NH2-CH2-COOH + H2O + Cl(-)