Упражнение 1 Look at this extract from a tour of a car factory. Complete the text with the words from
the box. (Письменно, можно поставить цифру и написать слово)
clutch • combustion • crankshaft • cylinders • distribution • fuel • piston • spark plug • torque
“Now we come to the engine. The principle of the internal (1) engine has not changed in the last
100 years. The engine takes in (2) and air which is compressed in the combustion chamber. Then
this mixture is ignited by a (3) to produce an explosion, which moves the (4) in the cylinder.
The up and down motion (reciprocating motion) of the piston in the cylinder is converted into rotational
motion by the (5). The rotational force generated by the engine is known as (6). The size of
the engine determines the power. The more (7) there are, the more powerful the engine. This
power is transmitted through the (8), the gearbox, the propeller shaft (in the rear-wheel and four-
wheel drive), and the axles to the wheels. The piston of the engine can vary, but generally speaking it is
mounted at the front. In some sports cars, the engine is mounted at the rear (e.g. Porsche) or in the
middle (e.g. Ferrari or Lamborghini) because of the weight (9). So, that’s enough about the engine
for the moment – let’s move on to the next stage …”.

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