The Ural stretches as “a stone belt” for thousands of kilometers from iced Arctic ocean to endless Southern steps of Kazakhstan. The Ural region includes historically 5 smaller regions: Perm, Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk regions and two republics: Udmurtiya and Bashkortostan. The Ural Mountains chain is the natural border of Europe and Asia. The history of Ural started about 200 000 years ago. Now more than 100 representatives of different nations inhabit the territory of the Ural. The Ural is the richest storeroom of Russia. There are more than 1200 places of various minerals which were discovered during 3000 years of Ural mining history, about 1000 minerals are worked out and used in manufactures nowadays. There are over 19 mln people - 8% of the whole population of Russia. Various ethnic minorities settled here due to favourable natural conditions and resources. Most numerous are Russian, Tatars, Bashkirs, Udmurts. Their location was also dependent on disposition of industrial enterprises. The heaviest population rate is typical of the mining territories. The density of population varies between the northern and southern regions.

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