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United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the official name of the country, which is situated on the British Isles. The two main islands are Great Britain and Ireland. They are separated by the Irish Sea. The UK is washed by the Atlantic Ocean in the north and the North Sea in the east. It is separated from the continent by the English Channel and its narrowest part, the Strait of Dover. The UK consists of four countries England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Their capitals are London, Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast. The capital of the UK is London. Other large cities are Manchester, Birmingham, Leeds,FRANCE The territory of the UK is small, the mountains 2012 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. are not high, the rivers are not long. The highest mountain is Ben Nevis which is in the Highlands of Scotland. Scotland is a land of famous lakes, too. They are called "lochs" there. The beautiful Loch Lomond is the largest lake and Loch Ness attracts millions of tourists by its legendary monster. The largest river is the Severn but the most important one is the Thames. London stands on the river Thames. The population of Great Britain is more than 60 million people. Everyone who was born in Britain is British. People from England are English. People from Scotland are Scottish or Scots. People from Wales are Welsh. People from Northern Ireland are Irish.
The climate of Great Britain is mild. The summers are usually cool and rainy. There is much rain and fog in autumn and in winter. The weather is very changeable.