с заданиями 5.4 и ТЕКСТ
Education in the Russian Federation
Russians have always shown a great concern for education. The right to education is
stared in the Constitution of the Russian Federation. It is ensured by compulsory
secondary schools, vocational schools, and higher education establishments. It is also
ensured by the development of extramural and evening courses and the system of state
scholarships and grants. Education in Russia is compulsory up to the 9th form
inclusive. The stages of compulsory schooling in Russia are: primary education for
ages 6-7 to 9-10 inclusive; secondary education including intermediate school for ages
10-11 to 12-13 inclusive, and senior school for ages 13-14 to 14-15 inclusive. If a pupil
of a secondary school wishes to go on in higher education, he or she must stay at school
for two more years. Primary and secondary school together comprise 11 years of study.
Every school has a “core curriculum” of academic subjects, such as Russian, Literature,
Mathematics, History, a foreign language and others. Lyceums and gymnasiums offer
programs giving a profound knowledge in some field of study. After finishing the 9th
form one can go on to a vocational school which offers programs of academic subjects
and a program of training in a technical field, or a profession. After finishing the 11th
form of a secondary school, a lyceum or a gymnasium one can go on in higher
education. All applicants must take competitive examinations. Higher education
institutions, that is, institutes or universities, offer a 5-year program of academic
subjects for undergraduates in a variety of fields, as well as a graduate course. If one
finishes a graduate course and writes a thesis, he or she receives a candidate’s degree
or a doctoral degree.

Higher educational establishments are headed by Rectors. Pro-rectors are in charge of
academic and scientific work. An institute or a university has a number of faculties,
each specializing in a field of study. Faculties have specialized councils which confer
candidate and doctoral degrees. The system of secondary and higher education in
Russia is going through a transitional period. The main objectives of the reform are: to
decentralize the higher education system, to develop a new financial mechanism, to
give more academic freedoms to faculties and students. All secondary schools,
institutes and universities until recently have been funded by the state. Now there is
quite a number of private fee-paying primary and secondary schools; some universities
have fee-paying departments.
ЗАДАНИЯ
5.4 Find the endings to the sentences. Translate these sentences into Russian.
1) The Constitution of the Russian
Federation ...
2) Compulsory secondary schools,
vocational schools and ...
3) Extramural and evening courses are
...
4) Our education has also ...
5) Compulsory schooling includes ...
6) Primary and secondary school
together ...
7) Lyceums and gymnasiums offer
programs ...
8) Vocational school offers programs ...
9) Higher school offers ... a program of
...
10) Today the secondary and higher
education in Russia is ...
ПРОДОЛЖЕНИЯ
1) ... higher schools ensure this right.
2) ... primary education, intermediate
school and senior school
3) ... states the right to education
4) ... giving knowledge in some field of
study
5) ... giving knowledge and skills in
some technical field
6) ... going through a period of changes
7) ... widespread in our education
system
8) ... comprise 11 years of study
9) ... the well-developed system of
State scholarships and grants
10) ... subjects for students

5.5 State which sentences don’t correspond to the text. Correct and translate them into
Russian.
1) Higher schools are headed by rectors and pro-rectors.
2) Rectors are busy with academic and scientific work in a higher school.
3) An undergraduate can write a thesis and receive a candidate’s degree or a doctor’s
degree.
4) The Universities and academics confer candidate and doctoral degrees.
5) All secondary and higher schools until recently were funded by the state.
6) The main aim of the education reform in Russia is to establish private fee-paying
primary, secondary and higher schools.
7) Today there are fee-paying departments in some universities.

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