MOSCOW city in population, industry and in (2)
are
LIts name was first mentioned (1) ... in 1147. Since that time
oscow, the capital of Russia, is one of the world's great cities.
Moscow has played an important role in Russian history. Today Moscow
is not only the political centre of Russia but also the country's leading
Moscow stands on the Moskva River in the centre of the vast plain
long and dark with a lot of snow. Northerly winds from the Arctic bring
very sharp drops (3) The minimum recorded temperature is -42 °C.
of European Russia. The climate of Moscow is continental. Winters
April. Summers are warm and July is the warmest month. Rainy days
Spring is rather short, and the temperature rises quickly during late
are quite common, but the summer rainfall often comes in heavy show-
ers and thunderstorms. Autumn, like spring, is brief with rapidly fall:
Moscow is the largest (4) ... of Russia. The most important in
Moscow's plants and factories also produce food, furniture,
and the State Tretyakov Gallery with an excellent collection of
6
Mits
ing temperatures.
dustries are those producing automobiles and trucks, machine tools
(5) ...
clothes and footwear.
The most important element in Moscow's city transport is the met.
subway. The system was begun in 1935 and is still developing
,
Some of the stations, especially the older ones, are highly decorated
with marble, statues and mosaics [mǝvʼzeniks). Trains usually arrive at
three-minute intervals, though the interval is less during (6) ...
Moscow has numerous theatres, headed by the State Academic Bolshoi
Theatre, which was founded in 1825. The city's principal drama theatre
is the Moscow Art Theatre. It was founded by (7) ... Konstantin Stan:
islavsky and the dramatist and producer Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchen-
ko. In its early days it was especially famous for its performances of
Anton Chekhov's plays. Also of the worldwide fame are the State Cen
tral Puppet Theatre and the Moscow State Circus.
Moscow has some museums and art galleries of international rank.
Among them are the State Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts with a fine
(8)
ro
..
Russian paintings.
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