Mining in Australia Australia is the “mainland” of the world's smallest continent. It is mostly very flat and muсh of it is inhospitable desert. A22 of the population lives in the South East and South West where there is a A23 climate. But the weather played only a relatively minor part in establishing population centres. Many argue that the real story was about mining.
The early colonies in South Australia had a terrible struggle economically. But after significant silver, lead and copper A24 were discovered in Southern Australia, the loсal populations began to grow. In 1841 silver and lead were discovered at Glen Osmond - now a suburb of Adelaide: Then came the discovery of copper at Kapunda in 1845.
But the big story was gold! The first "strike" was at Ophir, New South Wales in 1851. A25 weeks more gold was found in the colony of Victoria. The Australian gold rushеs had a major impact A26 Victoria and Australia as a whole. They coloured every aspect of Australian society and elements of it are still clearly visible today. Victoria became the richest colony and Melbourne Australia's largest city.

The population of Australia changed dramatically A27 of the discovery of gold. In 1851 the population was just 437,655. 10 years later it was 1,151,947. The rapid growth came from “new сhums” - recent immigrants from the UK and British Commonwealth. As a lot of
Australians will be quiсk to tell you, muсh of the new wealth was “stolen” back to England. But enough wealth remained to fund substantial development in industry and infrastructure and to A28 the foundations for building modern Australia.

A22 1) Most 2) Many 3) Mainly 4) Main

A23 1) temperature 2) temperate 3) tempered 4) temporal

A24 1) riches 2) stores 3) deposits 4) treasures

A25 1) Throughout 2) During 3) While 4) Within

A26 1) at 2) on 3) for 4) in

A27 1) because 2) due 3) as 4) thanks

A28 1) supply 2) manage 3) secure 4) afford

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