Какие это времена и почему именно в это время? причина употребления в этом времени? 1) 'jane is away on holiday.' 'oh, is she? where has she gone? 2) i have lost my address book have you seen it anywhere? 3) my brother is an actor. he has appeared in several films.

1) 'Jane is away on holiday.' 'Oh, is she? present simple данный момент глагола to be. 
Where has she gone? present perfect  - результат на настоящий момент
.2) I have lost my address book. Have you seen it anywhere? - результат на настоящий момент present perfect.
3) My brother is an actor. present simple - постоянное состояние.
He has appeared in several films. present perfect - количественный результат к настоящему моменту.