Ex. 1. Choose the right word from the ones given in brackets:
1. Engineering (appears, deals with, extends) machinery of all types.
2. Theoretical research (depends, erects, assumes) on experimental data.
3. These methods of work (devise, raise, date back) to very ancient times.
4. Engineers are to (devise, raise, appear) new types of machine-tools and to
improve the old ones.
5. 5. Our main task is to (assume, extend, appear) the service life of the device
and to (depend, assume, raise) its reliability.
6. Workers at machinebuilding plants (are concerned, depend, erect) with
various types of equipment.
7. Many kinds of (devices, tool-makers, trends) were invented during the
Middle Ages.
Ex. 2. Complete the sentences with a suitable word from the box.
opportunity sources origin design steam ancient reliability demand
1. Many traditions are of recent , but some of them date
back to times.
2. He is working on the of a new engine.
3. During the Industrial Revolution engines appeared.
4. Many new of energy are used nowadays.
5. We pay much attention to of new devices.
6. We have a good to work at industrial enterprises of our
city.
7. The profession of an engineer is always in great .

Ex. 1:
For this exercise, we need to choose the correct word from the options given in the brackets. Let's go step by step and analyze each sentence.

1. Engineering (appears, deals with, extends) machinery of all types.

To answer this question, we can eliminate "extends" because it doesn't fit the sentence. Now we are left with two options: "appears" and "deals with." However, when we analyze the sentence, it becomes clear that the word should be "deals with" as it makes sense to say that engineering deals with machinery of all types.

2. Theoretical research (depends, erects, assumes) on experimental data.

First, we eliminate "erects" because it doesn't fit the context. Now we are left with "depends" and "assumes." When we analyze the sentence, it becomes clear that the word should be "depends" as theoretical research relies on or depends on experimental data.

3. These methods of work (devise, raise, date back) to very ancient times.

Here, we can eliminate "raise" because it doesn't fit the sentence. Now we are left with "devise" and "date back." When we analyze the sentence, it becomes clear that the word should be "date back" as it means that these methods of work go back or originate from ancient times.

4. Engineers are to (devise, raise, appear) new types of machine-tools and to improve the old ones.

We can eliminate "raise" because it doesn't fit the context. Now we are left with "devise" and "appear." When we analyze the sentence, it becomes clear that the word should be "devise" as engineers are responsible for inventing or coming up with new types of machine-tools.

5. Our main task is to (assume, extend, appear) the service life of the device and to (depend, assume, raise) its reliability.

Here, we can eliminate "extend" and "appear" because they don't fit the context. Now we are left with "assume" and "depend." When we analyze the sentence, it becomes clear that the first word should be "extend" as our main task is to prolong or extend the service life of the device. For the second word, it should be "depend" as our main task is also to rely on or depend on the reliability of the device.

6. Workers at machinebuilding plants (are concerned, depend, erect) with various types of equipment.

We can eliminate "erect" because it doesn't fit the sentence. Now we are left with "are concerned" and "depend." When we analyze the sentence, it becomes clear that the word should be "are concerned" as workers at machinebuilding plants are worried or concerned with various types of equipment.

7. Many kinds of (devices, tool-makers, trends) were invented during the Middle Ages.

To answer this question, we need to determine what was invented during the Middle Ages. We can eliminate "tool-makers" and "trends" because they don't fit the context. Now we are left with "devices," which makes sense as many kinds of devices were invented during the Middle Ages.


Ex. 2:
For this exercise, we need to complete the sentences with a suitable word from the box. Let's go through each sentence and choose the correct word.

1. Many traditions are of recent (origin), but some of them date back to ancient times.

Here, the word "origin" fits the sentence as it means that many traditions have a recent origin or started recently.

2. He is working on the (design) of a new engine.

The word "design" fits the sentence as it means he is working on the plan or structure of a new engine.

3. During the Industrial Revolution (steam) engines appeared.

The word "steam" fits the sentence as it refers to the engines that appeared during the Industrial Revolution.

4. Many new (sources) of energy are used nowadays.

The word "sources" fits the sentence as it refers to the different or various new sources of energy that are used nowadays.

5. We pay much attention to (reliability) of new devices.

The word "reliability" fits the sentence as it means we give importance or focus on the reliability or dependability of new devices.

6. We have a good (opportunity) to work at industrial enterprises of our city.

The word "opportunity" fits the sentence as it means we have a chance or a good possibility to work at industrial enterprises in our city.

7. The profession of an engineer is always in great (demand).

The word "demand" fits the sentence as it means the profession of an engineer is always wanted or needed by many.